{"id":102188,"date":"2025-09-04T13:57:56","date_gmt":"2025-09-04T04:57:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/adtechmanagement.com\/minnadepr-column\/?p=102188"},"modified":"2025-09-04T13:57:56","modified_gmt":"2025-09-04T04:57:56","slug":"past-perfect-meaning","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/adtechmanagement.com\/minnadepr-column\/2025\/09\/04\/past-perfect-meaning\/","title":{"rendered":"\u904e\u53bb\u5b8c\u4e86\u306e\u610f\u5473\u3068\u4f7f\u3044\u65b9\uff5c\u82f1\u8a9e\u6587\u6cd5\u3067\u306e\u91cd\u8981\u30dd\u30a4\u30f3\u30c8\u3092\u308f\u304b\u308a\u3084\u3059\u304f\u89e3\u8aac"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u904e\u53bb\u5b8c\u4e86\u306f\u82f1\u8a9e\u5b66\u7fd2\u8005\u306b\u3068\u3063\u3066\u5c11\u3057\u96e3\u3057\u3044\u6642\u5236\u306e\u4e00\u3064\u3067\u3059\u304c\u3001\u6b63\u3057\u304f\u4f7f\u3044\u3053\u306a\u305b\u3070\u6587\u7ae0\u306e\u610f\u5473\u304c\u683c\u6bb5\u306b\u660e\u78ba\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u306e\u8a18\u4e8b\u3067\u306f\u904e\u53bb\u5b8c\u4e86\u306e\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u306a\u610f\u5473\u304b\u3089\u4f7f\u3044\u65b9\u3001\u4f8b\u6587\u3001\u3088\u304f\u3042\u308b\u9593\u9055\u3044\u307e\u3067\u4e01\u5be7\u306b\u89e3\u8aac\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n

1. \u904e\u53bb\u5b8c\u4e86\u3068\u306f\uff1f\u57fa\u672c\u306e\u610f\u5473\u3068\u5f79\u5272<\/h2>\n

1-1. \u904e\u53bb\u5b8c\u4e86\u306e\u5b9a\u7fa9<\/h3>\n

\u904e\u53bb\u5b8c\u4e86\u306f\u300c\u904e\u53bb\u306e\u3042\u308b\u6642\u70b9\u3088\u308a\u3082\u3055\u3089\u306b\u524d\u306b\u5b8c\u4e86\u3057\u305f\u52d5\u4f5c\u3084\u72b6\u614b\u300d\u3092\u8868\u3059\u6642\u5236\u3067\u3059\u3002\u82f1\u8a9e\u3067\u306f\u300chad + \u904e\u53bb\u5206\u8a5e\u300d\u306e\u5f62\u3067\u8868\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n

1-2. \u904e\u53bb\u5b8c\u4e86\u306e\u5f79\u5272<\/h3>\n

\u904e\u53bb\u306e2\u3064\u306e\u51fa\u6765\u4e8b\u306e\u3046\u3061\u3001\u3088\u308a\u53e4\u3044\u65b9\u3092\u793a\u3059\u305f\u3081\u306b\u4f7f\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u5358\u306b\u904e\u53bb\u306e\u3053\u3068\u3092\u8a00\u3046\u300c\u904e\u53bb\u5f62\u300d\u3068\u306f\u7570\u306a\u308a\u3001\u6642\u9593\u306e\u9806\u5e8f\u3092\u660e\u78ba\u306b\u3059\u308b\u5f79\u5272\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n

2. \u904e\u53bb\u5b8c\u4e86\u306e\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u306a\u4f5c\u308a\u65b9<\/h2>\n

2-1. \u80af\u5b9a\u6587\u306e\u5f62<\/h3>\n

\u4e3b\u8a9e + had + \u904e\u53bb\u5206\u8a5e
\n\u4f8b\uff1aShe had finished her homework before dinner.<\/p>\n

2-2. \u5426\u5b9a\u6587\u306e\u5f62<\/h3>\n

\u4e3b\u8a9e + had not (hadn't) + \u904e\u53bb\u5206\u8a5e
\n\u4f8b\uff1aThey hadn't arrived when I called.<\/p>\n

2-3. \u7591\u554f\u6587\u306e\u5f62<\/h3>\n

Had + \u4e3b\u8a9e + \u904e\u53bb\u5206\u8a5e?
\n\u4f8b\uff1aHad he left before you came?<\/p>\n

3. \u904e\u53bb\u5b8c\u4e86\u306e\u4f7f\u3044\u65b9\u306e\u30dd\u30a4\u30f3\u30c8<\/h2>\n

3-1. \u904e\u53bb\u306e\u300c\u3088\u308a\u524d\u300d\u306e\u51fa\u6765\u4e8b\u3092\u8868\u3059<\/h3>\n

\u300c\u6628\u65e5\u306e\u591c7\u6642\u307e\u3067\u306b\u5bbf\u984c\u3092\u7d42\u3048\u3066\u3044\u305f\u300d\u306a\u3069\u3001\u904e\u53bb\u306e\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u6642\u70b9\u3088\u308a\u3082\u524d\u306e\u5b8c\u4e86\u3092\u793a\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n

3-2. \u300c\u904e\u53bb\u306e\u904e\u53bb\u300d\u3092\u8868\u73fe\u3059\u308b<\/h3>\n

\u904e\u53bb\u5f62\u3067\u306f\u4f1d\u308f\u308a\u306b\u304f\u3044\u6642\u9593\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u660e\u78ba\u306b\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u4f7f\u308f\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n

4. \u904e\u53bb\u5b8c\u4e86\u304c\u4f7f\u308f\u308c\u308b\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u306a\u6587\u8108<\/h2>\n

4-1. \u7269\u8a9e\u3084\u51fa\u6765\u4e8b\u306e\u9806\u5e8f\u3092\u8aac\u660e\u3059\u308b\u3068\u304d<\/h3>\n

\u904e\u53bb\u306e\u8a71\u306e\u4e2d\u3067\u3055\u3089\u306b\u904e\u53bb\u306e\u51fa\u6765\u4e8b\u3092\u8aac\u660e\u3059\u308b\u3068\u304d\u306b\u3088\u304f\u4f7f\u308f\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n

4-2. \u6761\u4ef6\u6587\u3067\u306e\u4f7f\u7528<\/h3>\n

If\u7bc0\u306e\u4e2d\u3067\u300c\u3082\u3057\u301c\u3057\u3066\u3044\u305f\u3089\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4eee\u5b9a\u306e\u904e\u53bb\u3092\u8868\u3059\u6642\u306b\u7528\u3044\u3089\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n

5. \u904e\u53bb\u5b8c\u4e86\u3068\u904e\u53bb\u5f62\u306e\u9055\u3044\u3092\u7406\u89e3\u3057\u3088\u3046<\/h2>\n

5-1. \u904e\u53bb\u5f62\u306e\u610f\u5473<\/h3>\n

\u5358\u306b\u904e\u53bb\u306e\u51fa\u6765\u4e8b\u3084\u72b6\u614b\u3092\u8868\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n

5-2. \u904e\u53bb\u5b8c\u4e86\u3068\u306e\u9055\u3044<\/h3>\n

\u904e\u53bb\u5b8c\u4e86\u306f\u904e\u53bb\u306e\u4e2d\u3067\u3082\u3055\u3089\u306b\u300c\u524d\u306e\u6642\u70b9\u300d\u3092\u660e\u78ba\u306b\u3057\u3001\u6642\u9593\u306e\u524d\u5f8c\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u793a\u3059\u306e\u306b\u4f7f\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n

6. \u904e\u53bb\u5b8c\u4e86\u3092\u4f7f\u3063\u305f\u4f8b\u6587<\/h2>\n

6-1. \u65e5\u5e38\u4f1a\u8a71\u3067\u306e\u4f8b<\/h3>\n

I had eaten before I left the house.
\n\uff08\u5bb6\u3092\u51fa\u308b\u524d\u306b\u98df\u4e8b\u3092\u6e08\u307e\u305b\u3066\u3044\u305f\uff09<\/p>\n

6-2. \u30d3\u30b8\u30cd\u30b9\u30b7\u30fc\u30f3\u3067\u306e\u4f8b<\/h3>\n

By the time the meeting started, they had already finalized the report.
\n\uff08\u4f1a\u8b70\u304c\u59cb\u307e\u308b\u307e\u3067\u306b\u5f7c\u3089\u306f\u3059\u3067\u306b\u5831\u544a\u66f8\u3092\u5b8c\u6210\u3055\u305b\u3066\u3044\u305f\uff09<\/p>\n

7. \u904e\u53bb\u5b8c\u4e86\u3092\u4f7f\u3046\u3068\u304d\u306e\u6ce8\u610f\u70b9<\/h2>\n

7-1. \u6642\u5236\u306e\u4e00\u8cab\u6027\u306b\u6c17\u3092\u3064\u3051\u308b<\/h3>\n

\u6587\u4e2d\u3067\u904e\u53bb\u5b8c\u4e86\u3092\u4f7f\u3046\u5834\u5408\u3001\u4ed6\u306e\u52d5\u8a5e\u3068\u306e\u6642\u5236\u306e\u30d0\u30e9\u30f3\u30b9\u306b\u6ce8\u610f\u3057\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n

7-2. \u5fc5\u8981\u304c\u306a\u3044\u3068\u304d\u306f\u4f7f\u308f\u306a\u3044<\/h3>\n

\u72b6\u6cc1\u304c\u306f\u3063\u304d\u308a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3084\u904e\u53bb\u306e\u6642\u9593\u8ef8\u304c\u660e\u78ba\u306a\u5834\u5408\u3001\u904e\u53bb\u5b8c\u4e86\u3092\u7121\u7406\u306b\u4f7f\u3046\u3068\u6587\u7ae0\u304c\u4e0d\u81ea\u7136\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n

8. \u904e\u53bb\u5b8c\u4e86\u3092\u4f7f\u3063\u305f\u5fdc\u7528\u8868\u73fe<\/h2>\n

8-1. \u904e\u53bb\u5b8c\u4e86\u9032\u884c\u5f62<\/h3>\n

\u300chad been + \u52d5\u8a5e\u306eing\u5f62\u300d\u3067\u300c\u904e\u53bb\u306e\u3042\u308b\u6642\u70b9\u307e\u3067\u7d99\u7d9a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u305f\u52d5\u4f5c\u300d\u3092\u8868\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002
\n\u4f8b\uff1aShe had been studying for hours before the exam.<\/p>\n

8-2. \u4eee\u5b9a\u6cd5\u904e\u53bb\u5b8c\u4e86<\/h3>\n

\u904e\u53bb\u306e\u4e8b\u5b9f\u3068\u53cd\u3059\u308b\u4eee\u5b9a\u3092\u8868\u3059\u969b\u306b\u7528\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002
\n\u4f8b\uff1aIf I had known, I would have acted differently.<\/p>\n

9. \u307e\u3068\u3081<\/h2>\n

\u904e\u53bb\u5b8c\u4e86\u306f\u300c\u904e\u53bb\u306e\u904e\u53bb\u300d\u3092\u8868\u3059\u91cd\u8981\u306a\u6642\u5236\u3067\u3059\u3002\u7269\u8a9e\u3084\u8aac\u660e\u306e\u4e2d\u3067\u6642\u9593\u306e\u6d41\u308c\u3092\u660e\u78ba\u306b\u3057\u3001\u6587\u306e\u610f\u5473\u3092\u6b63\u78ba\u306b\u4f1d\u3048\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u6b20\u304b\u305b\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u57fa\u672c\u306e\u5f62\u3084\u4f7f\u3044\u65b9\u3092\u3057\u3063\u304b\u308a\u7406\u89e3\u3057\u3001\u9069\u5207\u306b\u6d3b\u7528\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3088\u3046\u7df4\u7fd2\u3057\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u904e\u53bb\u5b8c\u4e86\u306f\u82f1\u8a9e\u5b66\u7fd2\u8005\u306b\u3068\u3063\u3066\u5c11\u3057\u96e3\u3057\u3044\u6642\u5236\u306e\u4e00\u3064\u3067\u3059\u304c\u3001\u6b63\u3057\u304f\u4f7f\u3044\u3053\u306a\u305b\u3070\u6587\u7ae0\u306e\u610f\u5473\u304c\u683c\u6bb5\u306b\u660e\u78ba\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u306e\u8a18\u4e8b\u3067\u306f\u904e\u53bb\u5b8c\u4e86\u306e\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u306a\u610f\u5473\u304b\u3089\u4f7f\u3044\u65b9\u3001\u4f8b\u6587\u3001\u3088\u304f\u3042\u308b\u9593\u9055\u3044\u307e\u3067\u4e01\u5be7\u306b\u89e3\u8aac\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002 1. \u904e\u53bb\u5b8c\u4e86\u3068\u306f\uff1f\u57fa\u672c\u306e\u610f\u5473\u3068\u5f79\u5272 1-\u2026<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"spay_email":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[33],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-102188","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-business"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/adtechmanagement.com\/minnadepr-column\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/102188","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/adtechmanagement.com\/minnadepr-column\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/adtechmanagement.com\/minnadepr-column\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/adtechmanagement.com\/minnadepr-column\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/adtechmanagement.com\/minnadepr-column\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=102188"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/adtechmanagement.com\/minnadepr-column\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/102188\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":102189,"href":"https:\/\/adtechmanagement.com\/minnadepr-column\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/102188\/revisions\/102189"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/adtechmanagement.com\/minnadepr-column\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=102188"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/adtechmanagement.com\/minnadepr-column\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=102188"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/adtechmanagement.com\/minnadepr-column\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=102188"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}